Assalamualaikum…hi!
For this time, I would like to share about an interesting
activity which our group had done in English for Language Teacher’s class.
Actually, we
were required to create a worksheet with two sentences for analysis using tree
diagrams and its suggested answers.
After “brainstorming”,
I have create two sentences with tree diagrams in my worksheet.
So, this is
my worksheet…=)
Read
the sentences given carefully and fill the box with the correct answer. 10 marks
will be given for each correct answer.
1. Urban pupils have more exposure to English language.
1. Urban pupils have more exposure to English language.
 |
2. English lessons are formally taught in
public schools.
Throughout this activity of creating sentences and making
tree diagram, I had learned on how to identify the word classes, the types of
word classes, deeply and carefully analysis the sentences. Besides that, I also
learned about the structure of sentences.
It’s
my pleasure too to share with about the structure of sentences and word classes which I had found after doing some
research through the internet.
The
Simple Sentence
The most basic type of sentence is the simple sentence, which contains only one clause. A simple sentence can be as
short as one word:
Run!
Usually, however, the sentence has a subject as
well as a predicateand both the subject and the
predicate may have modifiers. All of the following are simple
sentences, because each contains only one clause:
Melt!
Ice melts.
The ice melts quickly.
The ice on the
river melts quickly under the warm March sun.
Lying exposed
without its blanket of snow, the ice on the river melts quickly under the warm March sun.
As you can see, a simple sentence can be quite long -- it is a
mistake to think that you can tell a simple sentence from a compound sentence
or a complex sentence simply by its length.The most natural sentence structure is the simple sentence: it is the first kind which children learn to speak, and it remains by far the most common sentence in the spoken language of people of all ages. In written work, simple sentences can be very effective for grabbing a reader's attention or for summing up an argument, but you have to use them with care: too many simple sentences can make your writing seem childish.
When you do use simple sentences, you should add transitional phrases to connect them to the surrounding sentences.
The Compound Sentence
A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses(or simple sentences)
joined by co-ordinating conjunctions like "and," "but,"
and "or":
Simple
Canada is a
rich country.
Simple
Still, it has
many poor people.
Compound
Canada is a
rich country, but still it has many poor people.
Compound sentences are very natural for English speakers --
small children learn to use them early on to connect their ideas and to avoid
pausing (and allowing an adult to interrupt):
Today at
school Mr. Moore brought in his pet rabbit, and he showed it to the class, and
I got to pet it, and Kate held it, and we coloured pictures of it, and it ate
part of my carrot at lunch, and ...
Of course, this is an extreme example, but if you over-use
compound sentences in written work, your writing might seem immature.A compound sentence is most effective when you use it to create a sense of balance or contrast between two (or more) equally-important pieces of information:
Montéal
has better clubs, but Toronto
has better cinemas.
Special Cases of Compound Sentences
There are two special types of compound sentences which you
might want to note. First, rather than joining two simple sentences together, a
co-ordinating conjunction sometimes joins two complex sentences, or one simple
sentence and one complex sentence. In this case, the sentence is called a compound-complex sentence:
compound-complex
The
package arrived in the morning, but the
courier left before I could check the contents.
The second special case involves punctuation. It is possible to join two
originally separate sentences into a compound sentence using asemicolon instead
of a co-ordinating conjunction:
Sir
John A. Macdonald had a serious drinking problem; when sober, however, he could be a
formidable foe in the House of Commons.
Usually, a conjunctive adverb like "however" or
"consequently" will appear near the beginning of the second part, but
it is not required:
The sun rises
in the east; it sets in the west.
The Complex Sentence
A complex sentence contains one independent
clause and at least one dependent clause. Unlike a compound sentence,
however, a complex sentence contains clauses which are not equal. Consider the following
examples:
Simple
My friend
invited me to a party. I do not want to go.
Compound
My friend
invited me to a party, but I do not want to go.
Complex
Although my
friend invited me to a party, I do not want to go.
In the first example, there are two separate simple sentences:
"My friend invited me to a party" and "I do not want to
go." The second example joins them together into a single sentence with the
co-ordinating conjunction "but," but both parts could still stand as
independent sentences -- they are entirely equal, and the reader cannot tell
which is most important. In the third example, however, the sentence has
changed quite a bit: the first clause, "Although my friend invited me to a
party," has become incomplete, or a dependent clause.A complex sentence is very different from a simple sentence or a compound sentence because it makes clear which ideas are most important. When you write
My friend
invited me to a party. I do not want to go.
or even
My friend
invited me to a party, but I do not want to go.
The reader will have trouble knowing which piece of information
is most important to you. When you write the subordinating conjunction"although"
at the beginning of the first clause, however, you make it clear that the fact
that your friend invited you is less important than, or subordinate, to the fact that you do not want to go.The information taken from: http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/sntstrct.html
Definition of word classes:
A set of words that display the same formal
properties, especially their inflections and distribution. Similar to the more
traditional term part of speech.
Examples of word classes:
Verb
|
be, drive, grow, sing, think
|
Noun
|
brother, car, David, house, London
|
Determiner
|
a, an, my, some, the
|
Adjective
|
big, foolish, happy, talented,
tidy
|
Adverb
|
happily, recently, soon, then,
there
|
Preposition
|
at, in, of, over, with
|
Conjunction
|
and, because, but, if, or
|
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